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国内新租赁经济报告：存款冲突，信用豁免将取代_我的网站
一 | 1月15日，中国第一份“2019年新租赁经济报告”今天发布。
二 |
The US Senate on Friday overwhelmingly approved a bill that would impose sanctions on buyers of Russian oil, a measure that had long been championed by the late senator Lindsey Graham before his death last month, CNBC reported. A Chinese expert criticized the legislation, warning that if implemented, the bill, driven largely by political motives aimed at catering to US domestic political correctness, could severely disrupt the already fragile global energy market and economy. He also noted that the bill is essentially a tool of political coercion, weaponizing tariffs and unilateral sanctions to hijack normal global energy trade and override sovereign economic choices of independent nations.
The legislation, named The Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026, aims to hurt Russia's war effort in Ukraine by penalizing purchasers of Russian oil and Russian leaders. It passed with bipartisan support 86-11 and will now proceed to the House, which is on recess until September, per CNBC.
The bill would impose tariffs of up to 100 percent on countries that are among the top five purchasers of Russian crude oil or gas, which includes China and India.
It also includes sanctions targeting Russian leaders, officials, targeting Russian leaders, oligarchs and financial institutions. At the request of US President Donald Trump, the bill extends sanctions on Iran's weapons and energy sectors, CNBC reported.
Notably, the bill's excessive tariff discretion has sparked fierce internal doubts within US political circles. Representatives Gregory Meeks of New York and Don Beyer of Virginia said in a statement they still had "fundamental concerns" about the tariff powers for the president, who has made them a central piece of his "America First" approach to foreign policy.
"What the bill does grant ... are sweeping new tariff authorities that the president could weaponize with abandon, as he has repeatedly done in the past," said Meeks, the top Democrat on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, and Beyer, the senior Democrat on the Joint Economic Committee, according to Reuters.
Chinese experts have strongly criticized the bill's politically driven nature, its economic coercion, and its severe spillover risks to the global economy.
The bill, aimed at putting pressure on Russia, would disrupt global energy markets and create new uncertainties for the world economy if implemented, Yang Jin, associate research fellow at the Institute of Russian, Eastern European and Central Asian Studies under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told the Global Times.
Many economies retain legitimate, market-based energy cooperation with Russia out of practical economic and energy security needs. Russia's energy exports have long been a key component of the global energy system, with countries including India and some European nations continuing to rely on Russian oil and gas, said Yang, noting that even some European countries have received exemptions to maintain energy imports from Russia, underscoring the role of Russian supplies in supporting economic stability.
India's reliance on Russian crude increased further after the conflict in West Asia disrupted shipping through the Strait of Hormuz. With Gulf supplies affected during the US war on Iran, Indian refiners turned more heavily towards Russian oil as an alternative source, Indian media Hindustan Times reported on Saturday after US Senate passed the bill.
When asked about the bill on July 15, Lin Jian, spokesperson from China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that China firmly opposes unilateral sanctions that have no basis in international law or authorization of the UN Security Council, and will take necessary measures to firmly defend the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese businesses and citizens.
Practicing double standards and resorting to coercion and pressuring will eventually prove to be self-defeating, said Lin.
Yang further pointed out that the push for the bill, labeled after Lindsey Graham, who was known as one of the toughest Russia hawks in Washington, lays bare Washington's distorted domestic political logic.
The legislation, which represents another typical case of US hegemonic long-arm jurisdiction, is largely designed to ease US domestic governance pressure. As the Trump administration fails to deliver substantive progress in de-escalating the Russia-Ukraine conflict as promised, ramping up external sanctions and forcing third-party sovereign countries into abandoning normal economic and trade cooperation has become a convenient political tool for US politicians to showcase tough posturing and ease domestic pressure, Yang said.
。报告指出，明年中国的租赁经济预计将超过10万亿元，参与租赁经济服务的人数将超过1亿。报告指出，近年来，在经历了“野蛮增长”和无序竞争之后，以存款为主要盈利模式的“伪共享经济”失去了活力，一些自行车企业破产，数千万用户的存款难以收回。据调查，自去年以来，用户对存款模式一直很抵触，这种模式已经开始失去市场。
三 | 经过多次存款风暴，芝麻信用豁免模式已成为一种新的主流趋势。目前，用户可以在数百种业务场景中获得免信用服务。据报道，芝麻信用的目标是消除“存款”，以彻底缓解消费者对金融安全的担忧。有关官员透露，截至年底，芝麻街信用已累计为用户提供超过1000亿元的无抵押贷款。据研究开发，自去年以来，无抵押租赁市场有三大趋势：一是三、四线城市的崛起，用户的快速增长，占总用户的近30%；二是年轻化趋势明显，80、90岁后占总用户的90%以上。此外，2018年，用户租赁的商品更为丰富，3C数码、服装配件、书籍成为最常用的物品。
四 | 商品、个人物品可以免收的押金金额也在不断增加。但是，实施免信服务的企业由于用户数量的快速增长，没有出现明显的资金损失，甚至更快地进入盈亏平衡期。芝麻信用数据显示，在手机、3C数码、服装、收费宝等领域，大部分商品的违约率在免存后下降了一半，新增用户增长了60%以上。如今，从衣服到电脑、玩具和婴儿车，都可以出租。无论是高频日用品还是高价值数码奢侈品，都可以通过租赁获得使用权，这已成为年轻人追求优质生活的新途径。关于新租赁经济的未来前景，据报道，2018年，中国租赁经济市场成交额将超过6.3万亿元，预计到明年将超过10万亿元，参与租赁经济的服务商数量将超过1亿人。
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